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Geography

The study of physical characteristics of earth and the distribution and effects of life on earth, especially that of humans.

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arable farming

Geography; Human geography

A type of agriculture in which the emphasis is on the cultivation of plant crops (cereals, vegetables, grass and other animal feedstuffs). Ct pastoral farming.

arch

Geography; Human geography

A natural 'door' through a projecting mass of rock. The most common and spectacular arches are formed where the sea, taking advantage of weaknesses afforded by joints, bedding ...

arctic smoke

Geography; Human geography

A phenomenon sometimes observed in very high latitudes, where the sea's surface appears to be giving off smoke (actually steam). It develops where the sea temperature is above ...

arcuate delta

Geography; Human geography

A river delta that extends into the sea of a lake in a fan shape, with the outer edge of the delta having a rounded outline (for example, the Nile delta in Egypt). Small arcuate ...

arete

Geography; Human geography

A narrow sharp-crested ridge resulting from the headward extension of neighboring glacial cirques. As the headwalls of the cirques are attacked by glacial plucking, freeze-thaw ...

arithmetic mean

Geography; Human geography

Sometimes referred to as the average. It is found by summing all the values in a set of data and dividing that total by the number of values.

artesian basin

Geography; Human geography

A large synclinal structure, comprising an aquifer (or series of aquifers) sandwiched between overlying and underlying impermeable strata. Rainwater percolates into the ground at ...