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Philosophy

The study of the truths and principles of being, knowledge, or conduct.

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monarchy

Philosophy; General philosophy

A political system defined by the supreme rule of a king or queen.

democracy

Philosophy; General philosophy

A political system where people share power by voting. Many democracies have people vote for “representatives” who have the majority of the ruling power. (Representative ...

oligarchy

Philosophy; General philosophy

A political system where the rulers are wealthy people.

original position

Philosophy; General philosophy

A position within John Rawls's theory of justice that sets ideal conditions for deliberation and the production of a social contract. Rawls argues that rational principles for ...

virtue

Philosophy; General philosophy

A positive characteristic, which is generally discussed in ethics. Courage, moderation, and wisdom are the three most commonly discussed virtues. Some people are also said to be ...

difference principle

Philosophy; General philosophy

A principle of John Rawls's theory of justice (i.e. “Justice as Fairness”) that requires that we only allow economic and social inequality if it benefits the least-well-off group ...

retributive justice

Philosophy; General philosophy

A principle of justice that states that punishment as some form of harm is the appropriate response to crime. Retributive justice often states that the punishment should be ...