- Industry: Government; Health care
- Number of terms: 6957
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which is one of 11 agencies that compose the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The NCI, established under the National Cancer Institute Act of 1937, is the Federal Government's principal agency for ...
A lipophilic copper(II)bis(thiosemicarbazone) labeled with the positron-emitting isotope (61)Cu with hypoxia-selective and radioisotopic activities. With a high membrane permeability and redox potential, (61)Cu-ATSM easily enters and selectively resides in hypoxic cells. The extent of (61)Cu-ATSM retention in tissue is inversely related to the state of tissue oxygenation allowing the quantitation of tissue hypoxia with positron emission tomography (PET).
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A lipopeptide-based, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGRF2) -targeted contrast agent with the property of molecular imaging of angiogenesis. BR55 is prepared by incorporation of a biospecific heterodimer peptide into the perfluorobutane-containing lipid-shelled microbubble membrane; the peptide specifically binds to VEGFR2 expressed on tumoral vascular endothelium allowing ultrasound imaging of the sites of active angiogenesis.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A lipid-permeable tacrolimus analogue with homodimerizing activity. Dimerizer drug AP1903 homodimerizes an analogue of human protein FKBP12 (Fv) which contains a single acid substitution (Phe36Val) so that AP1903 binds to wild-type FKBP12 with 1000-fold lower affinity. This agent is used to homodimerize the Fv-containing drug-binding domains of genetically engineered receptors such as the iCD40 receptor of the autologous dendritic cell vaccine BP-GMAX-CD1, resulting in receptor activation.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A lipid-based multi-peptide cancer vaccine targeted against multiple cancers with immunopotentiating activity. Therapeutic breast/ovarian/prostate peptide cancer vaccine DPX-0907 is a lyophilized liposomal proprietary preparation comprised of 7 tumor-specific HLA-A2-restricted epitopes (TAAs): topoisomerase II alpha, B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (CDM protein), TNF-alpha-converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17), Abelson homolog 2 (Abl2), gamma catenin (Junction plakoglobin), epithelial discoidin domain receptor 1 (EDDR1) and integrin beta 8 subunit. Upon vaccination, the lyophilized antigen/adjuvant/liposome complex is re-suspended in Montanide 1SA51 VG to create a depot effect, thereby presenting the TAAs to the immune system for a prolonged period of time. This may stimulate a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against cancer cells that express these 7 TAAs and share epitopes with the vaccine epitope peptides, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The 7 TAAs are overexpressed on the surface of breast/ovarian and prostate cancer cells and play an important role in tumor cell growth and survival.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A lipid soluble cardiac glycoside with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, oleandrin specifically binds to and inhibits the alpha3 subunit of the Na/K-ATPase pump in human cancer cells. This may inhibit the phosphorylation of Akt, upregulate MAPK, inhibit NF-kb activation and inhibit FGF-2 export and may downregulate mTOR thereby inhibiting p70S6K and S6 protein expression. All of this may lead to an induction of apoptosis. As cancer cells with relatively higher expression of the alpha3 subunit and with limited expression of the alpha1 subunit are more sensitive to oleandrin, one may predict the tumor response to treatment with lipid-soluble cardiac glycosides such as oleandrin based on the tumors Na/K-ATPase pump protein subunit expression. Overexpression of the alpha3 subunit in tumor cells correlates with tumor proliferation.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A lipid nanoparticle formulation containing two small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for kinesin spindle protein (KSP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, the siRNAs in KSP/VEGF siRNAs ALN-VSP02ALN bind to both KSP and VEGF messenger RNAs (mRNAs), preventing translation of KSP and VEGF proteins; this may result in growth inhibition of tumor cells that overexpress KSP and VEGF. VEGF and KSP are upregulated in many tumor cells and play an important role in tumor proliferation and survival.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A juice containing tomato extract and soy protein with potential chemopreventive and antiproliferative activities. Tomato-soy juice contains phytochemicals, including flavonoids, such as the soy isoflavone genistein, and carotenoids, including lycopene. These phytochemicals may exhibit antioxidative activity, antitumor activity by modulating certain tumor-associated signal transduction pathways, and apoptosis-inducing activity.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A hypoxia-activated prodrug consisting of a 2-nitroimidazole phosphoramidate conjugate with potential antineoplastic activity. The 2-nitroimidazole moiety of hypoxia-activated prodrug TH-302 acts as a hypoxic trigger, releasing the DNA-alkylating dibromo isophosphoramide mustard moiety within hypoxic regions of tumors. Normoxic tissues may be spared due to the hypoxia-specific activity of this agent, potentially reducing systemic toxicity.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A isoindolinone derivative and potent inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with chemosensitization and radiosensitization properties. INO-1001 inhibits PARP, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell DNA repair mechanisms and, so, tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PARP enzymes are activated by DNA breaks and have been implicated in the repair of DNA single-strand breaks (SSB).
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A hydroxamic acid-derived histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CHR-2845 inhibits HDAC leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, which may result in chromatin remodeling, inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, inhibition of tumor cell division, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins; this agent may specifically target HDACs in cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
