- Industry: Industrial machinery
- Number of terms: 990
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Rotated in the headstock, the boring head holds a sharpened tool that rotates off center to scribe a circle. It is lowered into the bore of a hole to enlarge the hole to a given size. A fine adjustment on the boring head allows the cutter to be moved out a little at a time to enlarge the circle of the cut. It is used when a very accurate hole is needed, like on the cylinder of an engine or when a large drill of the needed size is not available or practical. With the boring head you can make accurate holes up to 1. 75" in diameter on a small mill.
Industry:Industrial machinery
A series of adjustable clamps that are used to hold parts to the mill table for milling. They can be used on large or uneven parts like castings.
Industry:Industrial machinery
A small vise that is clamped to the mill table and holds parts for milling. It is different from the more common drill press vise in that it tightens with a pull-down function that helps hold the part down as well as in to counter the forces of milling. It is also accurately machined so it can be aligned in the machine for accurate cuts.
Industry:Industrial machinery
A mandrill holds a 1/4" square shank HSS or Carbide cutter and spins it in a large circle (about 1-1. 5"). The part is moved under the cutter which puts a nice, flat surface on the part. Each successive cut overlaps the previous by about 1/3 of the cut until the surface is done.
Industry:Industrial machinery
They look like drill bits but are sharpened on the sides as well as the ends. Held in an end mill holder, they are used to cut slots, pockets or surfaces. End mills are normally flat but "ball end" mills are also available that have a round end for leaving a radius in the corner of a pocket or a round bottomed slot. End mills can have two, three or four flutes (spiral cuts) in the sides. Generally less flutes are better for softer materials like aluminum because they don't clog as easily while more flutes (and slower cutting speeds) are better for steels that don't allow as aggressive a cut and produce less chips per cut.
Industry:Industrial machinery
In milling, in addition to the X-, Y- and Z-axis, the 4th axis is called the A-axis or rotary axis and is provided by an optional rotary table.
Industry:Industrial machinery
Instead of you turning the handwheels, a computer determines the speed and distance and drives DC motors called "stepper motors" or "servos" to move the lathe for you.
Industry:Industrial machinery
Digital readouts incorporate an electronic box with a screen that reads out numbers rather than looking at the graduations on the handwheels to determine movement. If offers two advantages: For those with poor eyesight it is easier to read than the little marks on the handwheel and 2) It keeps track of accumulated distance so you don't have to count handwheel revolutions when making longer movements. This helps eliminate a common source of errors.
Industry:Industrial machinery
On base model machines, plain handwheels are used. They are laser engraved with 50 marks (inch) or 100 marks (metric) and numbers for reference. Adjustable zero handwheels allow you to stop at any given point, loosen a knurled wheel in the center of the handwheel and rotate the laser engraved collar back to the zero mark before starting the next cut without moving the position of the handwheel. This means each time you are starting from zero rather than from a random number, making your depth and cut calculations easier. This eventually means less mistakes. 4400- and 4500-series lathes and 5400- and 2000-series mills include these upgraded handwheels as standard equipment.
Industry:Industrial machinery
This function allows the vertical column to be rotated from side to side to do angled milling or drilling. It is included in the design of the 2000-series mills or can be added as an option (P/N 3700) to 5000/5400-series mills.
Industry:Industrial machinery
