Biology

Biology

A natural science concerned with the study of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena, especially in relation to their origin, growth, reproduction, structure, behaviour and evolution.

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Biology > Immunology

gene targeting

Biology; Immunology

A gene can be specifically disrupted by a technique known as gene targeting or gene knockout. Usually this involves homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells followed by ...

immunotoxins

Biology; Immunology

Immunotoxins are antibodies that are chemically coupled to toxic proteins usually derived from plants or microbes. The antibody targets the toxin moiety to the required cells. ...

intracutaneous

Biology; Immunology

Injections can be administered by a number of routes: intracutaneous (intradermal)—entering the skin or dermis; subcutaneous—entering below the skin or dermis; intramuscular—enteri ...

primary interaction

Biology; Immunology

The binding of antibody molecules to antigen is called a primary interaction, as distinct from secondary interactions in which binding is detected by some associated change such ...

class II-associated invariant chain peptide

Biology; Immunology

The class II-associated invariant chain peptide (CLIP) is a peptide of variable length cleaved from the class II invariant chain by proteases. It remains associated with the MHC ...

polyclonal activation

Biology; Immunology

Antigen activates specific lymphocytes, whereas all mitogens, by definition, activate most or all lymphocytes, a process known as polyclonal activation because it involves ...

antigen display libraries

Biology; Immunology

Both libraries of cDNA clones in expression vectors and bacteriophage libaries encoding random peptide sequences have been used to identify the targets of specific antibodies and, ...