Biology

Biology

A natural science concerned with the study of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena, especially in relation to their origin, growth, reproduction, structure, behaviour and evolution.

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Biology > Immunology

variable region

Biology; Immunology

The variable region (V region) of an immunoglobulin or T-cell receptor is formed of the amino-terminal domains of its component polypeptide chains. These are called the variable ...

J gene segments

Biology; Immunology

The J gene segments, or joining gene segments, are found some distance 5′ to the C genes in immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor loci. A V and in the case of IgH chains, TCRβ chains ...

leukocyte adhesion deficiency

Biology; Immunology

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency is an immunodeficiency disease in which the common β chain of the leukocyte integrins is not produced. This mainly affects the ability of leukocytes ...

pyogenic bacteria

Biology; Immunology

Bacteria with large capsules are difficult for phagocytes to ingest. Such encapsulated bacteria often produce pus at the site of infection, and are thus called pyogenic bacteria. ...

human immunodeficiency virus

Biology; Immunology

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the causative agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV is a retrovirus of the lentivirus family that selectively ...

antigen-presenting cells

Biology; Immunology

Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are highly specialized cells that can process antigens and display their peptide fragments on the cell surface together with molecules required for ...

trans-cytosis

Biology; Immunology

The active transport of molecules across epithelial cells is called trans-cytosis. Transcytosis of IgA molecules involves transport across intestinal epithelial cells in vesicles ...