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Earth science

Any of several geological sciences that are concerned with the earth, its origins, and all of its various structures and physical forms and phenomena.

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Earth science > Oceanography

rankine vortex

Earth science; Oceanography

An idealized vortex in unbounded fluid with uniform vorticity inside a circular patch and zero vorticity outside.

echo-sounding

Earth science; Oceanography

A method of determining water depths by measuring the time lapse between the generation of an initial sound pulse on the ship and the return of the echo. With knowledge of the ...

wind-driven current

Earth science; Oceanography

A current produced in a body of water by blowing over the water surface. It flows to the right of the wind. Sometimes called wind drift; sometimes called drift current. ...

coriolis parameter

Earth science; Oceanography

A measure of planetary rotation as a function of latitude. The parameter denoted by f varies with latitude \phi according to f= 2\Omega\sin\phi, in which \Omega is the ...

rip current

Earth science; Oceanography

A strong water-surface current of short duration flowing seaward from the shore; the return movement of water piled up on the shore by incoming waves and wind. It usually appears ...

convective instability

Earth science; Oceanography

An instability due to the buoyancy force of heavy fluid over light fluid overcoming the stabilizing influence of viscous forces.

seamount

Earth science; Oceanography

A seamount is a mountain rising from the ocean seafloor that does not reach to the water's surface (sea level), and thus is not an island. These are typically formed from extinct ...