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Earth science

Any of several geological sciences that are concerned with the earth, its origins, and all of its various structures and physical forms and phenomena.

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Earth science > Physical oceanography

flux correction

Earth science; Physical oceanography

An ad hoc procedure by which the values of dependent variables at the air-sea interface in coupled atmosphere-ocean model runs are adjusted to better conform to observed values. ...

fossilized mixing region

Earth science; Physical oceanography

In physical oceanography, this refers to the water trapped between the depths of the summer and winter mixed layers. This is a key feature in the formation of Central Water via ...

hydrodynamic modulation

Earth science; Physical oceanography

A type of modulation of backscattered ripple waves measured by SAR that arises through variations in the energy of the Bragg backscattering ripples causes by hydrodynamic ...

hydrographic theorem

Earth science; Physical oceanography

An expression, developed using the continuity equation, for water budget estimates in two-layer channels with different salinity values in each layer. It was first developed by ...

hypsometric curve

Earth science; Physical oceanography

A plot of the percentage of elevation and depth distribution on the continents and oceans, i.e. the representation of the statistical distribution of elevations over the entire ...

iceberg

Earth science; Physical oceanography

Large floating chunks of ice formed by the breaking off, i.e. calving of ice sheets at their seaward edges.

jackknife method

Earth science; Physical oceanography

A statistical procedure in which, in its simplest form, estimates are formed of a parameter based on a set of N observations by deleting each observation in turn to obtain, in ...