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Earth science

Any of several geological sciences that are concerned with the earth, its origins, and all of its various structures and physical forms and phenomena.

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Earth science > Physical oceanography

nilas

Earth science; Physical oceanography

A type of sea ice defined by the WMO as: A thin elastic crust of ice, easily bending on waves and swell and under pressure, thrusting in a pattern of interlocking “fingers.” Has a ...

brash ice

Earth science; Physical oceanography

A type of sea ice defined by the WMO as: Accumulations of floating ice made up of fragments not more than 2 meters across; the wreckage of other forms of ice.

shuga

Earth science; Physical oceanography

A type of sea ice defined by the WMO as: An accumulation of spongy white lumps, a few centimeters across; they are formed from grease ice or slush and sometimes from anchor ice ...

frazil ice

Earth science; Physical oceanography

A type of sea ice defined by the WMO as: Fine spicules or plates of ice, suspended in water. This represents the first stage of sea ice growth. The crystals are usually suspended ...

young ice

Earth science; Physical oceanography

A type of sea ice defined by the WMO as: Ice in the transition stage between nilas and first–year ice, 10–30 cm in thickness. This may be subdivided into grey ice and grey–white ...

multi–year ice

Earth science; Physical oceanography

A type of sea ice defined by the WMO as: Old ice up to 3 m or more thick which has survived at least two summers’ melt. Hummocks (hillocks of broken ice that have been forced up ...

pancake ice

Earth science; Physical oceanography

A type of sea ice defined by the WMO as: Predominantly circular pieces of ice from 30 cm to 3 m in diameter, and up to 10 cm in thickness (unrafted), with raised rims due to the ...