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Earth science

Any of several geological sciences that are concerned with the earth, its origins, and all of its various structures and physical forms and phenomena.

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photon

Earth science; Geology

The smallest possible amount of electromagnetic energy of a particular wavelength. This bundle or quanta of energy is called a photon.

photosphere

Earth science; Geology

The visible "surface" of the Sun with temperatures of about 5800 K and an average thickness of 400 km. The part of the solar atmosphere that radiates light into space.

physical weathering

Earth science; Geology

The breaking down of rocks by mechanical processes into pieces that get smaller and smaller until they may eventually become sand, silt, or dust-sized particles.

plagioclase

Earth science; Geology

A group of triclinic feldspars of general formula: (Na,Ca)Al(Si,Al)Si 2 O 8 . At high temperatures it forms a complete solid-solution series from Albite (NaAlSi 3 O 8 ) to ...

planet

Earth science; Geology

Any one of the nine known celestial bodies orbiting the Sun. A planet can also be any celestial body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its ...

planetary differentiation

Earth science; Geology

The heat driven process whereby planets develop concentric layers of differing composition based on the density of the materials involved, with heavier elements sinking toward the ...

plate tectonics

Earth science; Geology

A theory of global crustal displacement in which the lithosphere is divided into a number of plates whose pattern of horizontal movement is that of torsionally rigid bodies that ...