Biochemistry

Biochemistry

The scientific study of the chemistry of living matter.

Industry: Biology; Biotechnology

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Biochemistry

pH

Biology; Biochemistry

A measure of acidity of aqueous solutions; the negative of the common logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration, -log(H + ). Values below 7 are acidic; values above 7 are alkaline.

frame-shift

Biology; Biochemistry

A mutation that throws out of register the normal reading of triplet codons during translation; usually caused by an insertion (or deletion) of one or two nucleotides into (or from) the gene.

neurophysin

Biology; Biochemistry

A protein associated with oxytocin or vasopressin in the secretory cells of the neurohypophysis and in blood; derived from the same protein precursor, proneurophysin, as the hormone it binds.

AT-AC intron

Biology; Biochemistry

One of a minority of introns which have at their 5'- and 3'-termini, respectively, the AT and AC sequences. They are excised by a mechanism similar to that for the more common GU-AG introns.

peptide

Biology; Biochemistry

A compound formed by incomplete hydrolysis of a protein, or by elimination of the elements of water from between the α-carboxy and the α-amino groups of α-amino acids to form a linear polymer.

normalized cDNA library

Biology; Biochemistry

A library that includes all cDNA clones at approximately equal frequencies, unlike most cDNA libraries, which represent cDNAs in rough proportion to the occurrence of their mRNA in the source.

death-associated protein (DAP)

Biology; Biochemistry

A protein that induces apoptosis. It binds to a death receptor on the plasma membrane, resulting in an intracellular cascade of events that acitivates caspases and eventually causes apoptosis.