General mathematics

General mathematics

Mathematical terms covering a number of sub-fields such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, calculus and others.

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General mathematics

irreducible fraction

Mathematics; General mathematics

A fraction a/b , where the integers a and b have no common factors other than 1 and −1. In other words, a fraction reduced to lowest terms.

integral form

Mathematics; General mathematics

(1) A bilinear, sesquilinear, or quadratic form with integral coefficients. For example, the form 2x^2-xy+3y^2 is integral. (2) A form, usually a bilinear, sesquilinear, or quadratic form, ...

isotropy subgroup

Mathematics; General mathematics

A group of transformations that fixes a given point. In other words, let G be a group of transformations acting on a set X , and let x_0 \in X . The subgroup of transformations T \in G leaving ...

morphism of local ringed spaces

Mathematics; General mathematics

Let X be a topological space, and suppose that to each x \in X there is associated a local ring B_{X,x} in a natural way. Let Y be another such space. A mapping f : X \rightarrow Y is ...

weight function

Mathematics; General mathematics

If p and f are non-negative functions defined and integrable on \Omega , let M_{r}(f) be defined as M_{r}(f)={\left (\frac{\textstyle \int_{\Omega}pf^r dx}{\textstyle \int_{\Omega} pdx} ...

A decimal number notation in which one or a sequence of digits after the decimal point repeat infinitely. For example, \frac{1}{3} = .333 \ldots ,~or~ \frac{11}{7} = 1.571428571428 \ldots are both ...

self-intersection number

Mathematics; General mathematics

On an algebraic surface, the intersection number (or Kronecker index) I~(d_1 \cdot d_2) is defined for any divisors d_1 and d_2 . The self-intersection number is when d_1 = d_2 , i.e., the ...