Popes

Popes

The heads of the Catholic Church.

Industry: People

Contributors in Popes

Popes

173rd Pope of the Catholic Church. Pontificate 1187 - 1187. His previous dealings with Frederick Barbarossa put the church back in a friendly relationship with the Holy Roman Emperor. In response to ...

Clement III

People; Popes

174th Pope of the Catholic Church. Pontificate 1187 - 1191. He pursed King Henry II of England and King Philip II of France to undertake the Third Crusade. In 1189, Clement made peace with the ...

Celestine III

People; Popes

175th Pope of the Catholic Church. Pontificate 1191 - 1198. In 1198, he confirmed the statutes of the Teutonic Knights as a military order. He would have resigned the papacy and recommended a ...

Innocent III

People; Popes

176th Pope of the Catholic Church. Pontificate 1198 - 1216. Convened the Fourth Council of the Lateran, 1215. Initiated the Fourth Crusade, under direct rule of the church. Initiated the medieval ...

Honorius III

People; Popes

177th Pope of the Catholic Church. Pontificate 1216 - 1227. Initiated the Fifth Crusade. Honorius III acquired some fame as an author. The most important of his writings is the Liber censuum Romanae ...

Gregory IX

People; Popes

178th Pope of the Catholic Church. Pontificate 1227 - 1241. Canonized Elisabeth of Hungary, 1235. Initiated the Inquisition in France. Perhaps his most lasting action was a minor item: his papal ...

Celestine IV

People; Popes

179th Pope of the Catholic Church. Pontificate 1241 - 1241 (16 days). The papal election of 1241 that elevated Celestine to the papal chair was held under stringent conditions that hastened his ...