Toxicology

Toxicology

A branch of biology, chemistry, and medicine concerned with the study of the adverse effects of chemicals or physical agents on living organisms, as well as the symptoms, mechanisms, treatments and detection of poisoning, especially the poisoning of people.

Industry: Biology; Chemistry

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Toxicology

critical organ concentration of a substance

Biology; Toxicology

Mean concentration of a substance in the critical organ at the time the substance reaches its critical concentration in the most sensitive type of cell in the organ.

adsorption factor

Biology; Toxicology

Ratio of the amount of substance adsorbed at the interface of a condensed and a liquid or gaseous phase to the total amount of the substance available for adsorption.

bystander exposure

Biology; Toxicology

Liability of members of the general public to come in contact with substances arising from operations or processes carried out by other individuals in their vicinity.

chronic toxicity

Biology; Toxicology

1. Adverse effects following chronic exposure. 2. Effects which persist over a long period of time whether or not they occur immediately upon exposure or are delayed.

long-term toxicity

Biology; Toxicology

1. Adverse effects following chronic exposure. 2. Effects which persist over a long period of time whether or not they occur immediately upon exposure or are delayed.

asphyxiant

Biology; Toxicology

Substance that blocks the transport or use of oxygen by living organisms. Note: Examples include both physical (nitrogen gas) and chemical (carbon monoxide) asphyxiants.

active transport

Biology; Toxicology

Movement of a substance across a cell membrane against an electrochemical gradient, in the direction opposite to normal diffusion and requiring the expenditure of energy.