Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

carrier testing

Medical; Human genome

1) Testing used to identify usually asymptomatic individuals who have a gene mutation for an autosomal recessive or X-linked recessive disorder. 2) Carrier screening is a type of genetic testing ...

carcinoid

Medical; Human genome

A slow-growing type of tumor usually found in the gastrointestinal system (most often in the appendix), and sometimes in the lungs or other sites. Carcinoid tumors may spread to the liver or other ...

brush border

Medical; Human genome

Dense covering of microvilli on the apical surface of epithelial cells in the intestine and kidney; the microvilli aid absorption by increasing the surface area of the cell.

attention deficit disorder

Medical; Human genome

1) A disorder characterized by persistent developmentally inappropriate inattention and impulsivity. 2) A syndrome of disordered learning and disruptive behavior that is not caused by any serious ...

calcitonin

Medical; Human genome

A peptide hormone that lowers calcium concentration in the blood. In humans, it is released by thyroid cells and acts to decrease the formation and absorptive activity of osteoclasts. Its role in ...

atrophy

Medical; Human genome

1) Decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or multiple organs, associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as abnormal cellular changes, ischemia, malnutrition, or hormonal ...