Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

endocytosis

Medical; Human genome

1) The uptake by a cell of material from the environment by invagination of its plasma membrane. 2) The uptake of external materials by cells by the invagination of small region of the plasma ...

fibroblast

Medical; Human genome

1) Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. 2) A connective tissue cell that makes and secretes collagen proteins. 3) A fibroblast ...

hormone replacement therapy

Medical; Human genome

Therapeutic use of hormones to alleviate the effects of hormone deficiency.

haploid

Medical; Human genome

1) Half the diploid or normal number of chromosomes in a somatic cell; the number of chromosomes in a gamete (egg or sperm) cell, which in humans is 23 chromosomes, one chromosome from each ...

high-resolution chromosome studies

Medical; Human genome

Analysis of the number and structure of the chromosomes when cell division has been arrested and the chromosomes stained at an early stage (pro-metaphase) of mitosis. The chromosomes of a high ...

heart failure

Medical; Human genome

A condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood at an adequate rate or in adequate volume.

human genome

Medical; Human genome

1) The total gene complement, about 3 billion base pairs of DNA, contained in the human chromosomes. 2) The full collection of genes needed to produce a human being.