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Immunology
Immunology is the study of the structuree and function of the immune system which is responsible for the protection from invading foreign macromolecules or organisms. It is a broad branch of biomedical science that covers the study of all aspects of the immune system in organisms. It deals with the physiological functioning of the immune system in both healthy states and immunological disorders (autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency, transplant rejection); the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the immune system in vitro, in situ, and in vivo.
Industry: Biology
Add a new termContributors in Immunology
Immunology
β-pleated sheet
Biology; Immunology
A protein configuration in which the β sheet polypeptide chains are extended and have a 35-nm axial distance. Hydrogen bonding between NH and CO groups of separate polypeptide chains stabilizes the ...
antigen receptors
Biology; Immunology
Antigen receptors found on the surface of T and B lymphocytes in all jawed vertebrates belong to the IgSF. Immunoglobulin molecules (the antigen receptors of B cells) are the founding members of the ...
antigen presenting molecules
Biology; Immunology
The ligands for TCRs are major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. These come in two forms; MHC class I forms a dimer with a molecule called beta-2 microglobulin (β2M) and interacts with the ...
co-receptors
Biology; Immunology
Co-receptors and accessory molecules: Other molecules on the surfaces of T cells also interact with MHC molecules during TCR engagement. These are known as co-receptors. In lymphocyte populations, ...
antigen receptor accessory molecules
Biology; Immunology
A further molecule is found on the surface of T cells that is also involved in signaling from the TCR. CD3 is a molecule that helps to transmit a signal from the TCR following its interaction with ...
co-stimulatory or inhibitory molecules
Biology; Immunology
Co-stimulatory or inhibitory molecules: Co-stimulatory and inhibitory signaling receptors and ligands control the activation, expansion and effector functions of cells. One major group of IgSF ...
peripheral membrane proteins
Biology; Immunology
Peripheral membrane proteins are proteins that adhere only temporarily to the biological membrane with which they are associated. These molecules attach to integral membrane proteins, or penetrate ...
