Toxicology

Toxicology

A branch of biology, chemistry, and medicine concerned with the study of the adverse effects of chemicals or physical agents on living organisms, as well as the symptoms, mechanisms, treatments and detection of poisoning, especially the poisoning of people.

Industry: Biology; Chemistry

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Toxicology

surrogate

Biology; Toxicology

Relatively well studied toxicant whose properties are assumed to apply to an entire chemically and toxicologically related class; for example, benzo(a)pyrene data may be used as toxicologically ...

predictive validity

Biology; Toxicology

Reliability of a measurement expressed in terms of its ability to predict the criterion: an example would be an academic aptitude test that was validated against subsequent academic performance.

plasmapheresis

Biology; Toxicology

Removal of blood from the body and centrifuging it to obtain plasma and packed red blood cells: the blood cells are resuspended in a physiologically compatible solution (usually type-specific fresh ...

subchronic

Biology; Toxicology

Repeated over a short period, usually about 10 % of the life span; an imprecise term used to describe exposures of intermediate duration.

retrospective study

Biology; Toxicology

Research design used to test etiological hypotheses in which inferences about exposure to the putative causal factor(s) are derived from data relating to characteristics of the persons or organisms ...

reconstitution

Biology; Toxicology

Restoration to original form of a substance previously for preservation and storage

risk de minimis

Biology; Toxicology

Risk that is negligible and too small to be of societal concern (usually assumed to be a probability below 10-5 or 10-6). Note 1: This term can also mean ‘virtually safe’. Note 2: In the USA, this is ...