(born 1953) African American feminist scholar first noted for Black Macho and the Myth of the Superwoman, her 1979 study of the effects of sexism and racism on African American women. Much criticized within the black community the work dissected the racial stereotypes associated with black masculinity and femininity that trap black women in roles that simultaneously require them to be assertive and successful, and blame them for being emasculating. In Invisibility Blues (1990), Wallace continues her work on the intersection of race and gender in African American visual and popular culture.