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Phineas Gage
An American railroad worker who had a large iron rod driven through his head during an railroad accident. The rod entered the left side of his face and exited out the top of his head, destroying much of his frontal lobe. Gage survived the blast, but suffered profound changes to his personality and behavior.
According to Dr. John Martyn Harlow, Gage's physician, the injury led to a loss of social inhibition, leading Gage to behave in socially inappropriate ways. Before the accident, Gage was described as a hard-working and responsible man. Immediately after the accident, Harlow described him as fitful, impatient, irreverent, capricious and vacillating. However, evidence suggests that the Gage described by Harlow existed only for a short period of time after the accident. Gage was more functional and socially adapted later in life.
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- Category: General psychology
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