The Siege of the Sogdan Rock, also known as Rock of Ariamazes was part of Alexanders fight against the rebellious Sogdianans in 327 BC.

When Alexander asked the defenders to surrender, they refused, telling him that he would need "men with wings" to capture it.

Alexander asked for volunteers, whom he would reward if they could climb the cliffs under the fortress. There were some 300 men who from previous sieges had gained experience in rock-climbing. Using tent pegs and strong flaxen lines, they climbed the cliff face at night, losing about 30 of their number during the ascent. In accordance with Alexander's orders, they signalled their success to the troops below by waving bits of linen, and Alexander sent a herald to tell the defenders that if they looked up, they would see that he had found his winged men. The defenders were so surprised and demoralized by this that they surrendered, even though they outnumbered the mountaineers by a hundred to one and Alexander's main force still had no way to reach the summit.

In the city, Alexander fell in love with Roxana, daughter of Oxyartes of Bactria, on sight. The Macedonians claimed that Roxana was "the loveliest woman they had seen in Asia, with the one exception of Darius' wife. Soon she became his wife.