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accelerometer

A device for measuring acceleration. A common type is simply a pendulum suspended from a pivot fixed in the accelerating body. As the body accelerates, the pendulum is deflected through an angle which depends on the amount of acceleration. Another common type consists of a mass held in equilibrium by springs that are fixed to the accelerating body. The amount of acceleration is determined from the amount of distortion in the springs. Masses resting on strain gages have also been used to measure acceleration. A particularly sensitive type, used in artificial satellites, encloses a spherical test mass within a slightly larger sphere. The test mass is kept centered by suitable means, and changes (caused by acceleration) in location of the test mass with respect to its inclosure are measured by changes in capacitance between the two surfaces.

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