Bowling became popular in the 1890s, quickly acquiring a beer-drinking and workingclass image. However, the sport was open to both genders and, facilitated by the use of handicaps, which adjust for the differing abilities of players and teams, women began to compete early on. During the First World War, when many women entered the industrial workforce, the sport became a popular pastime for them, leading to the formation of the Women’s National Bowling Association. After the Second World War, the image of the sport changed, becoming associated with middle-class housewives. Consequently bowling alleys began to incorporate beauty salons and other shopping conveniences in close proximity to the lanes.

Bowling has advanced technologically with automatic pin-replacing and electronic scoring machines, new kinds of wooden surfaces, varnishes and balls, all of which have made the game easier for the recreational bowler, and more expensive for the serious bowler (each ball may cost as much as 1200). Where once the alleys attracted teams formed around strong neighborhood or workplace associations, they are now increasingly becoming places where single families go for an afternoon’s fun, and becoming another venue (along with skating rinks, zoos, YMCAs) for birthday parties. Loud disco music and kids running around are the norm.