chernozem

chernozem

A type of soil that is characteristic of the continental interiors of the mid-latitudes, in which grassland formed the natural vegetation. Chernozems occur across the Russian steppes and parts of Romania and Hungary; these soils also occur in North America. The deep surface layer (A horizon) of a chernozem is black and rich in alkaline humus derived from the decomposition of the natural grassland vegetation. The underlying horizon contains calcium carbonate concretions. Chernozems are important agriculturally and most have been ploughed up for cereal production.

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Part of Speech: noun
Synonym(s): black_earth_₂
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Category: General science
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