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greatest happiness principle

The moral principle that states that we ought to do what will lead to the greatest good for the greatest number. In this case “goodness” is equated with “happiness” and “harm” is equated with “suffering.” So, the greatest happiness principle states that we ought to maximize happiness and minimize suffering for the greatest number of people. We can judge moral actions as right and wrong in terms of how much happiness and suffering the action will caused. Actions are right insofar as they maximize happiness and reduce suffering, and wrong insofar as they maximize suffering and reduce happiness. John Stewart Mill's utilitarian notion of the “greatest happiness principle” is meant to contrast with Jeremy Bentham's form of utilitarianism in that Mill believes that there are higher and lower qualities of pleasure. He believes that intellectual pleasures are of a higher quality and value than bodily pleasures.

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