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Earth science

Any of several geological sciences that are concerned with the earth, its origins, and all of its various structures and physical forms and phenomena.

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Earth science > Geology

melange

Earth science; Geology

Mixture of rocks formed by tectonic disruption, such as multiple faulting, which brings disparate rock types together. Usually consists of a matrix of weak material, like shale, ...

metamorphic rock

Earth science; Geology

A rock that has undergone chemical or structural changes produced by increase in heat or pressure, or by replacement of elements by hot, chemically active fluids.

mica

Earth science; Geology

Group of silicate minerals composed of varying amounts of aluminum, potassium, magnesium, iron and water. All micas form flat, plate-like crystals. Crystals cleave into smooth ...

migmatite

Earth science; Geology

"Mixed rock". A metamorphic rock that forms in one of two ways. The metamorphic rock may be heated enough to partially melt, but not completely. The molten minerals resolidify ...

lineation

Earth science; Geology

A general term applying to any linear feature in a metamorphic rock.

lithification

Earth science; Geology

The conversion of loose sediment into solid sedimentary rock. Several processes, including compaction of grains, filling of spaces between grains with mineral cement, and ...

lithosphere

Earth science; Geology

The outer layer of solid rock that includes the crust and uppermost mantle. This layer, up to 100 kilometers (60 miles) thick, forms the Earth's tectonic plates. Tectonic plates ...