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Earth science

Any of several geological sciences that are concerned with the earth, its origins, and all of its various structures and physical forms and phenomena.

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Earth science > Seismology

longitude

Earth science; Seismology

The location of a point east or west of the prime meridian. Longitude is shown on a map or globe as north-south lines left and right of the prime meridian, which passes through ...

strike of fault

Earth science; Seismology

The line of intersection between the fault plane and the surface of the Earth. Its orientation is expressed as the angle west or east of true north.

spread

Earth science; Seismology

The layout of seismometer or geophone groups from which data from a single shot (the explosive charge) are recorded simultaneously.

earth's crust

Earth science; Seismology

The layer of rock located immediately below the earth's surface. Beneath continents, it is typically about 35 km thick, and composed of granite. Under the ocean, the crust is ...

asthenosphere

Earth science; Seismology

The layer below the lithosphere that is marked by low seismic-wave velocities and high seismic-wave attenuation.

resonance

Earth science; Seismology

The largest vibration of a mechanical system (such a soil layer) due to the enhancement of the energy at a a frequency special to that system. Liquefaction can be the result of ...

mainshock

Earth science; Seismology

The largest earthquake in any series of earthquakes; to be definitively called a "mainshock", it should generally be at least half a magnitude unit larger than the next largest ...