Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

complementary RNA

Medical; Human genome

1) Synthetic transcripts of a specific DNA molecule or fragment, made by an in vitro transcription system. This cRNA can be labeled with radioactive uracil and then used as a probe. 2) ...

coxa vara

Medical; Human genome

A deformed hip joint in which the neck of the femur is bent downward.

demyelination

Medical; Human genome

The state resulting from the loss or destruction of myelin; also: the process of such loss or destruction.

cytokinesis

Medical; Human genome

1) The cytoplasmic changes accompanying mitosis. 2) Cleavage of the cytoplasm into daughter cells following nuclear division.

DNA repair gene

Medical; Human genome

1) DNA repair genes encode DNA repair proteins, involved in enzymatic restoration of DNA structure after chemical, radiation, or spontaneous damage. (NCI) 2) Genes encoding proteins that correct ...

crossing over

Medical; Human genome

1) The exchange of a segment of DNA between two homologous chromosomes during meiosis leading to a novel combination of genetic material in the offspring 2) Crossing over is the swapping of genetic ...

cytokine

Medical; Human genome

1) Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a ...