Napa cabbage, botanical name Brassica campestris L. Pekinensis, is one of two very distinct Chinese cabbages. Pekinensis cabbages form heads. That is their common thread. Napa cabbage is also known as White cabbage, Flowering cabbage, Celery cabbage and most commonly (in Chinese) da baicai. There are dozens of varieties if Napa cabbage from heritage to hybrid. Hybrid varieties are developed for specific climates as well as flavor, texture and quality.

Napa cabbage is known for its signature barrel-shape and crisp, pale green, tightly-wrapped leaves with a white mid-rib and a dense heart. The outer leaves curve inward and are true green to pale green. The interior leaves and the heart is yellow to ivory colored. Its flavor is more subtle and pleasant than European head cabbage. The water content is also higher, crating a crisper and more refreshing texture.

Serving Ideas

Napa cabbage is the principle ingredient in soups, slaws and stir-fries. It can be used in raw applications, braised, stewed and even grilled. Favorable pairings include savory ingredients such as garlic, onions, leeks and other alliums. Other complimentary include include ginger, mushrooms, soy sauce, tofu, pork, white fish, noodles, grains, potatoes, light bodied vinegars, fermented beans, eggs, citrus and chiles.

Ethnic/Cultural Info

Napa cabbage was once considered the patriotic vegetable of China. In 1990, 95% of sales at Beijing’s wholesale produce markets came from Napa cabbage. Millions of families would stock up on it during the icy winter months. With China’s shift to a market economy and its economic expansion, larger cities no longer depend on the subsidization of cabbage. The wealthy and youth city dwellers have become more accustomed to purchasing convenience foods such as frozen dumplings and instant noodles. However, Napa cabbage is still a mainstay of northern rural China’s winter home cooking. In addition to using cabbage in soups, salads, stir-fried dishes, Mongolian hot pots and dumpling fillings, Chinese traditionally preserve it in the form of kimchi and sauerkraut.

Geography/History

Napa cabbage is native to China where it has been cultivated since the 14th century. Its culinary relevance has expanded over the course of history to neighboring countries such as Korea and Japan. But it has also earned a global presence in food cultures throughout all hemispheres. It is the most popular cabbage featured in supermarkets around the world.

Seasons/Availability

Napa cabbage is available year round.