Genetic engineering

Genetic engineering

The science of modifying and manipulating genes to create new artificial DNA or synthetic genes of different organisms. There are many purposes for genetic engineering, some of which include finding better treatment for diseases, or simply for discovering new organism of interest.

Industry: Agriculture; Biotechnology

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Genetic engineering

protoplast culture

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

The isolation and culture of plant protoplasts by mechanical means or by enzymatic digestion of plant tissues or organs, or cultures derived from these. Protoplasts are utilized for selection or ...

ligation

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

The joining of two linear nucleic acid molecules by the formation of phospho-diester bonds. In cloning experiments, a restriction fragment is often ligated to a linearized vector molecule using T4 ...

co-culture

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

The joint culture of two or more types of cells, such as a plant cell and a micro-organism, or two types of plant cells. Used in various dual-culture systems or in nurse-culture, q.v.

mismatch

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

The lack of a complementary pair of bases in a double helix of DNA, e.g., A:C, G:T.

major histocompatibility complex

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

The large cluster of genes that encode the major histocompatibility antigens in mammals.

senescence

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

The last stage in the post-embryonic development of multicellular organisms, during which loss of functions and degradation of biological components occur. A physiological ageing process in which ...