Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

acute

Medical; Human genome

Having an abrupt onset of symptoms and a short course; not chronic.

allopurinol

Medical; Human genome

A drug that lowers high levels of uric acid (a byproduct of metabolism) in the blood caused by some cancer treatments.

apnea

Medical; Human genome

1) Temporary absence of breathing or prolonged respiratory failure. 2) Transient cessation of respiration whether normal (as in hibernating animals) or abnormal (as that caused by certain drugs).

chromosome banding

Medical; Human genome

1) Staining of bands, or chromosome segments, allowing the precise identification of individual chromosomes or parts of chromosomes. Applications include the determination of chromosome ...

cofactor

Medical; Human genome

1) Any nonprotein substance required by a protein for biological activity, such as prosthetic groups of coenzymes, which are not consumed in the process and are found unchanged at the end of the ...

cerebellum

Medical; Human genome

The portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the brain stem. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, and other complex motor functions.

colonoscopy

Medical; Human genome

An examination of the inside of the colon using a thin, lighted tube, called a colonoscope, inserted into the rectum. Samples of tissues may be collected for examination under a microscope.