Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

glaucoma

Medical; Human genome

1) An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to ...

hemolytic anemia

Medical; Human genome

1) Anemia due to decreased life span of erythrocytes. 2) Anemia caused by excessive destruction (as in chemical poisoning, infection, or sickle-cell anemia) of red blood cells.

hotspot mutation region

Medical; Human genome

DNA sequences of high susceptibility to mutation due to some inherent instability, tendency toward unequal crossing over, or chemical predisposition to single nucleotide substitutions; region where ...

achromatopsia

Medical; Human genome

1) Severely deficient color perception, typically with monochromacy and reduced visual acuity. The atypical form can include normal visual acuity with pseudomonochromacy. 2) A visual defect marked ...

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Medical; Human genome

A substance present in all living cells that provides energy for many metabolic processes and is involved in making RNA. ATP made in the laboratory is being studied in patients with advanced solid ...

alpha helix

Medical; Human genome

A right-handed spiral conformation; the a-helix has a pitch of 5. 4 A and has 3. 6 amino acid residues per turn; every main chain C=O and N-H group is hydrogen-bonded to a peptide bond 4 residues ...

anaphase

Medical; Human genome

1) The phase of cell nucleus division following metaphase, in which the chromatids separate and migrate to opposite poles of the spindle. 2) The third phase of mitosis, in which the chromatids ...