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Immunology

Immunology is the study of the structuree and function of the immune system which is responsible for the protection from invading foreign macromolecules or organisms. It is a broad branch of biomedical science that covers the study of all aspects of the immune system in organisms. It deals with the physiological functioning of the immune system in both healthy states and immunological disorders (autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency, transplant rejection); the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the immune system in vitro, in situ, and in vivo.

Contributors in Immunology

Immunology

delayed-type hypersensitivity

Biology; Immunology

Delayed-type hypersensitivity, or type IV hypersensitivity, is a form of cell-mediated immunity elicited by antigen in the skin and is mediated by CD4 TH1 cells. It is called delayed-type ...

sequence motif

Biology; Immunology

A sequence motif is a pattern of nucleotides or amino acids shared by different genes or proteins that often have related functions. Sequence motifs observed in peptides that bind a particular MHC ...

avidity hypothesis

Biology; Immunology

The avidity hypothesis of T-cell selection in the thymus states that T cells must have a measurable affinity for self MHC molecules in order to mature, but not so great an affinity as to cause ...

bacteria

Biology; Immunology

Many infectious diseases are caused by bacteria, which are prokaryotic microorganisms that exist as many different species and strains. Bacteria can live on body surfaces, in extracellular spaces, in ...

target cells

Biology; Immunology

The functions of effector T cells are always assayed by the changes that they produce in antigen-bearing target cells. These cells can be B cells, which are activated to produce antibody; ...

transfection

Biology; Immunology

The insertion of small pieces of DNA into cells is called transfection. If the DNA is expressed without integrating into host cell DNA, this is called a transient transfection; if the DNA integrates ...

mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue

Biology; Immunology

The mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) comprises all lymphoid cells in epithelia and in the lamina propria lying below the body’s mucosal surfaces. The main sites of mucosal-associated ...

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