Molecular biology

Molecular biology

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Molecular biology

circular dichroism (CD)

Biology; Biochemistry

A technique for determination of the asymmetry of a molecule. Unlike in a conventional polarimeter, where light is restricted to oscillation in a plane, in CD the direction of oscillation turns ...

A feature of a helix; the distance parallel to the axis in which the backbone structure repeats itself. For a DNA double helix, for example, the repeat distance is 34 Ã (0.34 nm), which represents ...

secondary structure

Biology; Biochemistry

In protein chemistry, the regular folding of a polypeptide in a repeated pattern, e.g. α-helix, β-pleated sheet, β-turn; in nucleic acid chemistry by analogy, the double-helical structure of a ...

preproprotein

Biology; Biochemistry

The entire polypeptide that is encoded by an mRNA for a secretory protein before processing by proteinases cleaves the signal sequence and another polypeptide sequences that must be removed before ...

double sieve

Biology; Biochemistry

Descriptive of the mechanism for assuring correct charging of a tRNA by its amino acid activating enzyme. Only an amino acid that exactly fits the binding site will be ligated to the nucleic acid; ...

excision

Biology; Biochemistry

The removal of a section of double-stranded DNA that is faulty due to mutation or incorrect replication. The process includes incision, i.e. cleavage of the strand by an endonuclease and the action ...

activation energy

Biology; Biochemistry

The energy needed to raise the reactants, or an enzyme-substrate complex, to the transition state, where it has an equal likelihood of conversion to product or reversion to reactants. This value is ...